Technical Specifications for Sector 24 Beamlines   

Phase I “pass through” variable-energy beamline (Now in full user operation)  

• Uses the out-board-projecting up-stream undulator
• Energy range currently available 6 - 18keV (still commissioning at lower and higher energies).
• An unfocused beam of approximately 10¹² X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focused beam of approximately 10¹⁴ X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focal spot size variable down to 50 µm horizonal X 20 µm vertically.
• Beam has an energy bandwidth of ΔE/E ~1 x 10^-4 at an energy of ~12.66 keV.
• Beam stable to a few microns.
• Beam line control system, "CONSOLE" developed in house.
• Collimation systems, consisting of two independent arrays of pairs of vertical and horizontal slit blade pairs, separated by ~ 1 m.  Individual slit blade positions have a reproducibility of ~ 5 µ and operate in roughing vacuum to minimize air scatter and beam intensity degradation via absorption.
• Fast monochromatic rotary beam shutters with opening and closing times less than 5 msec, synchronized, precisely with the motion state of the crystallographic spindle.
• Precision crystallographic goniometers, with remotely controlled X,Y and Z spindle adjustments.  The radius of the sphere of confusion of the crystallographic axis will be less than 10µ.  The minimum stepping unit of the crystallographic scanning axis less than 1.75 x 10^-5 rad. Maximum stepping rate must be greater than 10^o/sec to efficiently support “Friedel Flipping” (inverse beam) data collection.
• Modified ALS automated sample placement robotics system.
• Crystal centering click-n-center Hampton pins with length 18mm recommended, though other lengths could be used. Lithol loops are recommended. Use of mounting arcs are not permitted.
• Oxford Cryo-Jet crystal cryocoolers. (100K to 300K)
• FTS Air-Jet crystal cooler. (-40 to +100c)
• Pneumatically-actuated beam attenuators and split diode beam position monitors (two sets in order to measure beam position and angle.
• Ionization and sample fluorescence monitors.
• Precision, remotely adjustable miniature beam stops.
• Video imaging microscopes capable of visualizing crystals with edge lengths >10µ.
• ADSC Q315 (315mm X 315mm) Detector with the following characteristics.

  1.  Detector has active area of at least 6144 x 6144 pixel elements with an effective pixel size less than 60x60 µ and resolution of order 90 x 90 µ.

  2.  Aggregate CCD array readout times less than or equal 1 sec for unbinned images with high sensitivity and low noise.

  3.  Maximum spindle to detector distance (SDD)> 1200m, minimum SDD < 100 m, with ability to pitch detector about the 2Θ axis (LR Design A-frame). Resolution at edge of detector located at a distance of 100mm using an energy of 12.6KeV (Se K edge) is ~1 Å.

• High performance data acquisition and computational cluster.  Data flow and storage systems designed so as not to slow fundamental detector readout rates.  Computational systems, hardware and software,  for data reduction and analysis have sufficient capacity to enable users to assay data quality and evaluate the efficacy of data collection strategies on the same time scale as data collection itself. Current network storage system consists of a 28TB HP-EVA-5000 SAN system, capable of expansion to 75 TB. Users can maintain data on the SAN for up to 30 days. Users archive their data for long term storage and use at their home institutions using external fire-wire or USB-2 disks under Linux, Linux ext. 3 format. Only four primary partitions per disk are recommended. 300-400 GB disks are recommended.
• Computational Software. Three linux computers are available for data processing and structure analysis. Commonly used softwares such as HKL2000, CCP4 suite, solve/resolve, shelx suite etc. are available.
• Internet Connection. Users can bring their notebook computers and hook it on to the network. Static or DHCP IP numbers will be provided.

 Phase II single-crystal fixed-energy side-bounce beamline: (Now in full user operation)

• Uses the inboard-projecting down-stream undulator
• A fixed energy at 12.66keV or 14.84 keV (with small variability) , with a fixed take-off angle (2Θ) of  29.5^o.
• An unfocused beam of approximately 10¹² X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focused beam of approximately 10¹⁴ X-rays/mm²/sec A focal spot size using mirrors of <20µm horizontal by <100 µm vertical.
• A beam with an energy bandwidth of ΔE/E <2 x 10^-4 at an energy of ~12.66 keV.
• A beam that is stable to 1-2 microns.
• Instrumented with a MD2 micro-diffractometer for research with very small, 5-20 micron, crystals.
• Collimation systems, consisting of two independent arrays of pairs of vertical and horizontal slit blade pairs, separated by ~ 1 m.  Individual slit blade positions have a reproducibility of ~ 5 µ and operate in roughing vacuum to minimize air scatter and beam intensity degradation via absorption.
• Fast monochromatic rotary beam shutters with opening and closing times less than 5 msec, synchronized, precisely with the motion state of the crystallographic spindle.
• Oxford Cryo-Jet crystal cryocoolers. (100K to 300K)
• Pneumatically-actuated beam attenuators and split diode beam position monitors (two sets in order to measure beam position and angle.
• ADSC Q315 (315mm X 315mm) Detector with the following characteristics.

  1.  Detector has active area of at least 6144 x 6144 pixel elements with an effective pixel size less than 60x60 µ and resolution of order 90 x 90 µ.

  2.  Aggregate CCD array readout times less than or equal 1 sec for unbinned images with high sensitivity and low noise.

  3.  Maximum spindle to detector distance (SDD)> 1200m, minimum SDD < 100 m, with ability to pitch detector about the 2Θ axis (LR Design A-frame). Resolution at edge of detector located at a distance of 100mm using an energy of 12.6KeV (Se K edge) is ~1 Å.

• High performance data acquisition and computational cluster.  Data flow and storage systems designed so as not to slow fundamental detector readout rates.  Computational systems, hardware and software,  for data reduction and analysis have sufficient capacity to enable users to assay data quality and evaluate the efficacy of data collection strategies on the same time scale as data collection itself. Current network storage system consists of a 28TB HP-EVA-5000 SAN system, capable of expansion to 75 TB. Users can maintain data on the SAN for up to 30 days. Users archive their data for long term storage and use at their home institutions using external fire-wire or USB-2 disks under Linux, Linux ext. 3 format. Only four primary partitions per disk are recommended. 300-400 GB disks are recommended.
• Computational Software. Three linux computers are available for data processing and structure analysis. Commonly used softwares such as HKL2000, CCP4 suite, solve/resolve, shelx suite etc. are available.
• Internet Connection. Users can bring their notebook computers and hook it on to the network. Static or DHCP IP numbers will be provided.

Phase III bending magnet beamline: (In Construction)

• An energy range of ~5-17 keV.
• An unfocused beam of approximately 10¹⁰ X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focused beam of approximately 10¹¹ X-rays/mm²/sec A focal spot size (using either zone plates or mirrors) of 200 X 200 in typical operation.
• A beam with an energy bandwidth of ΔE/E <4 x 10^-4 at an energy of ~12 keV.
• A beam that is stable to <10% of its size (e.g., a 200 µm beam will have a positional stability of 20 µm).
• ADSC Q315 (315mm X 315mm) Detector.

Phase IV diamond-transmission: (In Planning)  

• Uses the inboard-projecting undulator
• An energy range of ~8.5-17keV.
• Horizontal offset monochromatic beam by 1.5 m.
• An unfocused beam of approximately 10¹² X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focused beam of approximately 10¹⁴ X-rays/mm²/sec
• A focal spot size using mirrors of <100 µm horizontal by <100 µm vertical.
• A beam with an energy bandwidth of ΔE/E <2 x 10^-4 at an energy of ~12.66 keV.
• A beam that is stable to <10% of its size (e.g., a 100 µm beam will have a positional stability of 10 µm).