Structure of 3-mercaptopropionic acid dioxygenase with a substrate analog reveals bidentate substrate binding at the iron center.

Publication Type:

Journal Article

Source:

J Biol Chem, p.100492 (2021)

Abstract:

<p>Thiol dioxygenases are a subset of non-heme iron oxygenases that catalyze the formation of sulfinic acids from sulfhydryl-containing substrates and dioxygen. Among this class, cysteine dioxygenases (CDOs) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid dioxygenases (3MDOs) are the best characterized, and the mode of substrate binding for CDOs is well understood. However, the manner in which 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3MPA) coordinates to the non-heme iron site in 3MDO remains matters of debate. A model for bidentate 3MPA-coordination at the 3MDO Fe-site has been proposed on the basis of computational docking, whereas steady-state kinetics and EPR spectroscopic measurements suggest a thiolate-only coordination of the substrate. To address this gap in knowledge, we determined the structure of Azobacter vinelandii 3MDO (Av3MDO) in complex with the substrate analog and competitive inhibitor, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HPA). The structure together with DFT computational modeling demonstrate that 3HPA (and 3MPA) associate with iron as chelate complexes with the substrate-carboxylate group forming an additional interaction with Arg168 and the thiol bound at the same position as in CDO. A chloride ligand was bound to iron in the coordination site assigned as the O-binding site. Supporting HYSCORE spectroscopic experiments were performed on the (3MPA/NO)-bound Av3MDO iron nitrosyl (S = 3/2) site. In combination with spectroscopic simulations and optimized DFT models, this work provides an experimentally verified model of the Av3MDO enzyme-substrate complex, effectively resolving a debate in the literature regarding the preferred substrate-binding denticity. These results elegantly explain the observed 3MDO substrate-specificity, but leave unanswered questions regarding the mechanism of substrate-gated reactivity with dioxygen.</p>

PDB: 
Av3MDO complex with 3HPA and thiocyanate are 6XB9 and 7KOV, respectively.
Detector: 
EIGER
Beamline: 
24-ID-E